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Rhabdophis confusus DAVID & VOGEL, 2021

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Higher TaxaColubridae (Natricinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Hainan Island keelback snake
F: Rhabdophide de Hainan
G: Hainan Rothals-Wassernatter
Chinese: 拟红脖颈槽蛇 (Nǐ Hóng Bó Jǐng Cáo Shé) 
SynonymRhabdophis confusus DAVID & VOGEL 2021 
DistributionChina (Hainan Island)

Type locality: “Hainan”  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype. ZMB 29237, adult female from Hainan, now Hainan Island and Province, People‘s Republic of China, deposited by Mr. Schoede; no date of collect given. Paratypes (n=2). FMNH 6679 and FMNH 6680, adult females, from Hainan Island, People‘s Republic of China; deposited by C.H. Pope. 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: A medium-sized species of the genus Rhabdophis endemic to Hainan Island, characterized by the combination of (1) 19 – 19 – 17dorsal scale rows; (2) dorsal scales narrowly but strongly keeled, scales of 1st DSR smooth; (3) a moderate nuchal groove present, well visible; (4) 4–8 distinctly enlarged, aligned paired nuchal scales; (5) VEN 144–158, SC 56– 79 paired; (6) dorsum olive-green or dark greyish-green, dark greyish-brown or dark reddish-brown, distinctly chequered with diffuse, black blotches; (7) red hue on the upper part and sides of the neck faint or absent; (8) dark subocular streak totally absent; (10) venter uniform cream or pale creamish-yellow, without dark dots on the tips of ventrals but with outer fifth or quarter of ventrals heavily mottled with dark grey. 
CommentDistribution: For a map see David & Vogel 2021: 110 (Fig. 9).

Illustrations: Shi et al. (2011: Pl. XXII: figure 117). 
EtymologyThe specific nomen is the Latin adjective confusus (-a, -um), here in masculine gender, meaning ―confused‖ or ―mixed, based on the confusion of this species with Rhabdophis siamensis 
References
  • David, Patrick & Gernot Vogel 2021. TAXONOMIC COMPOSITION OF THE Rhabdophis subminiatus (SCHLEGEL, 1837) SPECIES COMPLEX (REPTILIA: NATRICIDAE) WITH THE DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SPECIES FROM CHINA. Taprobanica 10 (2): 89–120 - get paper here
 
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