Leptodeira tarairiu COSTA, GRABOSKI, GRAZZIOTIN, ZAHER, RODRIGUES & PRUDENTE, 2022
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Leptodeira tarairiu
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| Higher Taxa | Colubridae (Dipsadinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes) |
| Subspecies | |
| Common Names | |
| Synonym | Leptodeira tarairiu COSTA, GRABOSKI, GRAZZIOTIN, ZAHER, RODRIGUES & PRUDENTE 2022 |
| Distribution | Brazil (Paraíba) Type locality: Fazenda Bravo (07° 30’ S, 36° 17’ W), municipality of Cabaceiras, state of Paraíba, Brazil. |
| Reproduction | |
| Types | Holotype: CHUFPB 447, adult female, collected by Miguel T. Rodrigues on 10th April 1984 (Fig. 1A–F). PARATYPES: [note that degree symbols in following text are incorrect] Forty-five adult specimens from Bahia, Ceara ́, Minas Gerais, Para ́ıba, Piau ́ı, Rio Grande do Norte, Sergipe, and Tocantins states, Brazil. States of Bahia: CZGBR 7473 from municipality of Jequie ́ (13° 55’ 25” S, 40° 23’ 5” W); CZGBR 2959 from municipality of Aureliano Leal (14o 21’ 31” S, 39o 20’ 41” W); MZUESC 5579 from municipality of Jequie ́ (13o 51’ 28” S, 40o 05’ 02” W); MZUESC 5642 from municipality of Jequie ́ (14o 2’ 60” S, 39o 59’5” W); MZUESC 7947 from municipality of Piata ̃ (13o 09’ 07” S, 41o 46’ 22” W); MZUESC 8482 from municipality of Boa Nova (14o 21’ 46” S, 40o 12’ 28” W); MZUFBA 991 from municipality of Mundo Novo (11o 51’ 32” S, 40o 28’ 19” W); MZUFBA 835 from Dindoca Farm, municipality of Jacobina (11o 10’ 51” S, 40o 31’ 04” W); MZUSP 20091 from municipality of Jequie ́ (13° 55’ 25” S, 40° 23’ 5” W). State of Ceara ́: CHUFC 565 from municipality of Guaramiranga (4o 15’ 46” S, 38o 55’ 58” W); CHUFC 572 from municipality of Limoeiro do Norte (5o 08’ 45” S, 38o 05’ 52” W); CHUFC 1584 from municipality of Quixere ́ (5o 04’ 26” S, 37o 59’ 20” W); CHUFC 1603 from Sabia ́ Farm, municipality of Aracoiaba (4o 22’ 15” S, 38o 48’ 50” W); CHUFC 1634 from municipality of Fortaleza (3o 43’ 06” S, 38o 32’ 34” W); CHUFC 2144 from Planalto Ibiapaba, municipality of Ibiapaba (3o 54’ 55.21” S, 40o 51’ 44.56” W); CHUFC 2227 from municipality of Pacatuba (3o55’ 46.30” S, 38o36’ 20.81” W); CHUFC 2722 from Serra de Baturite ́, municipality of Mulungu (4o18’ 22.08” S, 38o59’ 38.68” W); CHUFC 2723 from Planalto Ibiapaba, municipality of Ubajara (3o51’ 14.60” S, 40o 55’ 17.22” W); MPEG 17204 from Estac ̧a ̃o Ecolo ́gica de Aiuaba, municipality of Aiuaba (6o 34’ 20.53” S, 40o 7’ 8.30” W). State of Minas Gerais: MCNR 945 collected by F. Leite on November 2003 from municipality of Lavras Novas (20o 28’ 19.24” S, 43o31’ 11.39” W); MCNR 949 from Queimado Dam (16o 12’ 42.08” S, 47o 19’ 21.55” W); MCNR 3492 collected on 7 March 2009 from Casa Branca, municipality of Brumadinho (20o 9’ 5.29” S, 44o 12’ 3.93” W); MCNR 3606 collected by R. A. M. Fonseca on 12 October 2009 from Casa Branca, municipality of Brumadinho (20o 9’ 5.29” S, 44o 12’ 3.93” W); MCNR 4537 from municipality of Treˆs Marias (18o 12’ 21.23” S, 45o13’ 53.05” W). State of Para ́ıba: CHUFPB 446 collected by Miguel T. Rodrigues on 29th February 1984 from Fazenda Bravo (07o 30’ S, 36o 17’ W), municipality of Cabaceiras; 2 CHUFPB 584 collected on 29th October 2010, from Fazenda Junco (07o 27’ S, 36o 17’ W), municipality of Cabaceiras; CHUFPB 3765 collected on 20th May 2011 from Fazenda Junco (07o 27’ S, 36o 17’ W), municipality of Cabaceiras; CHUFPB 5504 collected on 2002, from Parque Estadual Pedra da Boca (06o 27’ S, 35o 40’ W), municipality of Araruna; CHUFPB 10199 collected on 28th May 2010 from Fazenda Junco (07o 27’ S, 36o 17’ W), municipality of Cabaceiras; MZUSP 8269 collected by Miguel T. Rodrigues on 9th November 1982 from Fazenda Bravo (07o 30’ S, 36o 17’ W), municipality of Cabaceiras; MZUSP 8912 , collected by Miguel T. Rodrigues on 9th November 1982 from Fazenda Bravo (07o 30’ S, 36o 17’ W), municipality of Cabaceiras; MZUSP 9014–15 collected by Miguel T. Rodrigues on 5th May 1985 from Fazenda Bravo (07o 30’ S, 36o 17’ W), municipality of Cabaceiras; MZUSP 9657 collected by S. Alves on April 1988 from Fazenda Salgado (07o 08’ S, 35o 27’ W), municipality of Gurinhe ́m. State of Piau ́ı: CHUFPB 8941 collected on 13rd February 2005, municipality of Palmeirais (5o 58’ 40” S, 43o 03’ 46” W); MPEG 22751 from municipality of Castelo (5o 19’ 19” S, 41o 33’ 10” W); MPEG 22891 from Parque Nacional de Sete Cidades (4o 6’ 60” S, 41o 42’ 0” W), municipality of Piracuruca state of Piau ́ı. Rio Grande do Norte: CHBEZ 1163 collected by Rubens T. Queiroz on 03rd August 2005 from S ́ıtio Serrinha do Canto (06o 07’ S, 37o 59’ W), municipality of Serrinha dos Pintos; CHBEZ 1180 collected by Tha ́ıs B. Guedes on 11st September 2005 from Estac ̧a ̃o Ecolo ́gica do Serido ́ (06o 35’ S, 37o 16’ W), municipality of Serra Negra do Norte; CHBEZ 1218 collected by Tha ́ıs B. Guedes on 01st October 2005 from Estac ̧a ̃o Ecolo ́gica do Serido ́ (06o 35’ S, 37o 16’ W), municipality of Serra Negra do Norte; CHBEZ 1332 collected by Tha ́ıs B. Guedes on 30th January 2006 from Estac ̧a ̃o Ecolo ́gica do Serido ́ (06o 35’ S, 37o 16’ W), municipality of Serra Negra do Norte; CHBEZ 2931 collected by Jaqueiuto S. Jorge, Marcelo Kokubum, and Raul F. D. Sales on 15th October 2009 from Fazenda Tanque (05o 51’ S, 35o 40’ W), municipality of Santa Maria. State of Sergipe: MZUSP 6986 collected by P. E. Vanzolini on 25th March 1978 from municipality of Santo Amaro das Brotas (10o 46’ 60” S, 37o 4’ 0” W). State of Tocantins: CHUNB 52552 collected by I. Tavares Bastos, M. A. Brasil, and I Cunha on 23rd April 2006 from Peixe Angical Dams (12o 13’ 55.27” S, 48o 21’ 37.80” W), municipality of Peixe; MTR 14490 collected by M. T. Rodrigues, P. H. Valdujo, C. Nogueira, T. Mott, A. Camacho, J. M. Ghellere, P. Nunes, M. Teixeira Ju- nior, and R. Recoder from Estac ̧a ̃o Ecolo ́gica Serra Geral do Tocantins (10o 54’ 48.52” S, 46o 41’ 50.59” W). |
| Diagnosis | DIAGNOSIS: Leptodeira tarairiu sp. nov. can be distinguished from their congeners by the combination of 15 characters (described in Appendix S3 of Costa et al., 2022). The new species differs from L. annulata, L. approximans and L. ornata by having large dark spots in the dorsal head and dark stripes in the occipital region, or internasal, prefrontal, supraocular, frontal and parietal scales darker than the other scales of head (vs. absence or small dark spots in the dorsal head and the absence or presence of thin line in the occipital region); from L. bakeri and L. larcorum by having two dark brown stripes in the occipital region (vs. a bar and butterfly shape in L. bakeri and L. larcorum, respectively); from L. ashmeadii by having a medial spine at the base of asulcate side of the hemipenis (vs. two medial spines); from L. pulchriceps by having a higher average number of subcaudals in males 92 (83–107) and females 82 (73–93) (vs. a lower average number of subcaudals in males 83 (73–89) and females 75 (72–78)). |
| Comment | Information request form sent to authors in April 2023 without response, hence mistakes may occur in text provided here. |
| Etymology | The specific epithet is a noun in apposition referring to the Brazilian indigenous people Tarairiu ́, one of the indigenous groups that inhabited the semiarid Caatinga region of northeastern Brazil, commonly known as “Serta ̃o Nordestino”. The history of Tarairiu ́ is related to conflicts against the Lusitanian invaders. They actively participated in the “Guerra dos Ba ́rbaros” (Barbarian War), which was the longest indigenous war in Brazil, between 1608 to 1730 (Barbosa, 2000). They were considered completely exterminated as an ethnic group, but recent studies showed that the Xukuru ́ group from Serra de Araroba, state of Pernambuco are remnants of the Tarairiu ́ (Barbosa, 2000). |
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