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Fowlea flavipunctata (HALLOWELL, 1860)

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Higher TaxaColubridae (Natricinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Yellow-Spotted Keelback
G: Gelbflecken-Fischnatter
Chinese: 黄斑渔游蛇 
SynonymAmphiesma flavipunctatum HALLOWELL 1860: 503
Tropidonotus piscator ornatus WALL 1907
Natrix piscator flavipunctata — SMITH 1943
Xenochrophis flavipunctatus — MANTHEY & GROSSMANN 1997: 397
Xenochrophis flavipunctatus — PAUWELS et al. 2000
Xenochrophis flavipunctatus — VOGEL & DAVID 2006
Xenochrophis flavipunctatus — WALLACH et al. 2014: 797
Fowlea flavipunctatus — PURKAYASTHA et al. 2019
Fowlea flavipunctata — AMARASINGHE et al. 2022 
DistributionIndia, Thailand, Myanmar, S China (Yunnan, Taiwan, West Malaysia, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam (Hoa Binh), Bangladesh

Type locality: Island of Hongkong [Hong Kong] and Canton River?, China  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesNeotype: USNM 7387, from Java (in the Greater Sundas, Indonesia), designated by Vogel & David 2012. 
Diagnosis 
CommentSynonymy: partly after Vogel & David 2012. Might be a synonym of Xenochrophis piscator; see discussion in Zhao & Adler. Xenochrophis flavipunctatus melanozostus is now treated as a valid species by several authors [e.g. DAS 1997, Hamadryad 22: 43]. But note that COX et al. (1998) include X. flavipunctatus in X. piscator. Xenochrophis flavipunctatus schnurrenbergeri KRAMER 1977 has been elevated to full species status. See also Xenochrophis piscator.

VIDAL et al. (2007) placed Xenochrophis in the family Natricidae.

Distribution: Possibly in Bhutan (Lenz 2012).

Abundance: Common in Thailand and other places, active at dusk.

Habitat: mostly aquatic.

Taxonomy: Although Boie's (1826) redescription of Trop. (= Tropidonotus) melanozostus is generally quoted as the original description of the taxon (see for example, Smith, 1943: 293), the first usage was by Gravenhorst (1807).

Behavior: diurnal. 
EtymologyThe species has been named after Latin flavus = yellow and punctatus = spotted and refers to the dorsal color pattern (although it rarely has clear yellow spots). 
References
  • Ahsan, M.F.; Haidar, I.K.A. & Rahman, M.M. 2015. Status and diversity of snakes (Reptilia: Squamata: Serpentes) at the Chittagong University Campus in Chittagong, Bangladesh. . Journal of Threatened Taxa 7 (14): 8159–8166 - get paper here
  • Amarasinghe, A. A., Bandara, S. K., Weerakkody, S., Campbell, P. D., Marques, D. A., Danushka, A. D., ... & Vogel, G. 2022. Systematics of the Sri Lankan Water Snakes of the Genus Fowlea Theobald 1868 (Reptilia: Natricidae). Herpetologica 78(3) : 201-219 - get paper here
  • Chan-ard, T., Parr, J.W.K. & Nabhitabhata, J. 2015. A field guide to the reptiles of Thailand. Oxford University Press, NY, 352 pp. [see book reviews by Pauwels & Grismer 2015 and Hikida 2015 for corrections] - get paper here
  • Das, I. 2012. A Naturalist's Guide to the Snakes of South-East Asia: Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Myanmar, Borneo, Sumatra, Java and Bali. Oxford J, ohn Beaufoy Publishing - get paper here
  • Das,I. 1996. Biogeography of the Reptiles of South Asia. Krieger Publishing Company, Malabar, Florida
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  • Grismer, L. Lee; Thy Neang, Thou Chav, Perry L. Wood, Jr., Jamie R. Oaks, Jeremy Holden, Jesse L. Grismer, Thomas R. Szutz and Timothy M. Youmans 2008. Additional amphibians and reptiles from the Phnom Samkos Wildlife Sanctuary in Northwestern Cardamom Mountains, Cambodia, with comments on their taxonomy and the discovery of three new species. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 56 (1): 161-175 - get paper here
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  • Hallowell, E. 1861. Report upon the Reptilia of the North Pacific Exploring Expedition, under command of Capt. John Rogers, U. S. N. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 12 [1860]: 480 - 510 - get paper here
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  • Pauwels, O.S.G.; David, P.; Chimsunchart, C. & Thirakhupt, K. 2003. Reptiles of Phetchaburi Province, Western Thailand: a list of species, with natural history notes, and a discussion on the biogeography at the Isthmus of Kra. Natural History Journal of Chulalongkorn University 3 (1): 23-53 - get paper here
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