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Atractus typhon PASSOS, MUESES-CISNEROS, LYNCH & FERNANDES, 2009

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Higher TaxaColubridae (Dipsadinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common Names 
SynonymAtractus typhon PASSOS, MUESES-CISNEROS, LYNCH & FERNANDES 2009
Atractus typhon — WALLACH et al. 2014: 83 
DistributionColombia (Nariño), Ecuador

Type locality: Reserva Natural Biotopo Selva Húmeda (01º25’N, 78º17’W, ca. 600 m elevation), vereda Berlín, El Diviso, municipality of Barbacoas, department of Nariño, Colombia  
Reproductionoviparous (not imputed, fide Zimin et al. 2022) 
TypesHolotype: ICN-MHN = ICN 10901, adult male, collected by B. Cépeda and J. J. Mueses-Cisneros on 14 July 2006. 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Atractus typhon is distinguished from all congeners by the following combination of characters: (1) 15/15/15 smooth dorsal; (2) two postoculars; (3) long loreal; (4) temporals 1+2; (5) seven supralabials, third and fourth contacting orbit; (6) seven infralabials, first three contacting chinshields; (7) seven maxillary teeth; (8) three gular scale rows; (9) three preventrals; (10) 156 ventrals in the single male; (11) 58 subcaudals in male; (12) dorsal ground colour beige with broad black bands alternated in the flanks; (13) venter cream with dark brown squared blotches concentrated on lateral portion of ventrals; (14) moderate body size, with males reaching 293 mm SVL; (15) long tail (27.0% SVL); (16) hemipenis moderately bilobed, semicapitate, semicalyculate. 
CommentHabitat: rainforest 
EtymologyThe specific epithet “typhon” is derived from the name of the Greek monster Typhon (Greek: Τυφoν). According to the Greek myth, Typhon married Echydna and fathered most mythological monsters that populated Earth. Typhon was described by the Greek writer Hesiod as one of the most fearsome of all creatures, “covered by a hundred serpent heads with dark flickering tongues flashing fire from their eyes”. This word is employed herein to allude to the impressive aspect of Atractus typhon. 
References
  • Arteaga A, Mebert K, Valencia JH, Cisneros-Heredia DF, Peñafiel N, Reyes-Puig C, Vieira-Fernandes JL, Guayasamin JM 2017. Molecular phylogeny of Atractus (Serpentes, Dipsadidae), with emphasis on Ecuadorian species and the description of three new taxa. ZooKeys 661: 91-123. - get paper here
  • Passos, P.; Mueses-Cisneros, J.J.; Lynch, J.D. & Fernandes, R. 2009. Pacific lowland snakes of the genus Atractus (Serpentes: Dipsadidae), with description of three new species. Zootaxa 2293: 1–34 - get paper here
  • Torres-Carvajal O, Pazmiño-Otamendi G, Salazar-Valenzuela D. 2019. Reptiles of Ecuador: a resource-rich portal, with a dynamic checklist and photographic guides. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 13 (1): [General Section]: 209–229 (e178) - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
  • Zimin, A., Zimin, S. V., Shine, R., Avila, L., Bauer, A., Böhm, M., Brown, R., Barki, G., de Oliveira Caetano, G. H., Castro Herrera, F., Chapple, D. G., Chirio, L., Colli, G. R., Doan, T. M., Glaw, F., Grismer, L. L., Itescu, Y., Kraus, F., LeBreton 2022. A global analysis of viviparity in squamates highlights its prevalence in cold climates. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 00, 1–16 - get paper here
 
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