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Atractus serranus AMARAL, 1930

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Higher TaxaColubridae (Dipsadinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Sao Paulo Ground Snake 
SynonymAtractus serranus AMARAL 1930: 65
Atractus serranus — PASSOS et al. 2005
Atractus serranus — WALLACH et al. 2014: 80
Atractus serranus — NOGUEIRA et al. 2019 
DistributionBrazil (Sao Paulo, Rio de Janeiro)

Type locality: Serra de Paranapiacaba, Estado do São Paulo, Brazil.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: IBSP (= IB) 7238 (not 7239 as stated in some papers) 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Atractus serranus is distinguished from all congeners by the following combination of characters: (1) 17/17/17 smooth dorsal scale rows; (2) generally two postoculars; (3) loreal moderate to long; (4) temporals 1+2; (5) generally seven supralabials, third and fourth contacting chinshields; (6) seven infralabials, first four contacting chinshields; (7) eight to ten maxillary teeth; (8) generally three gular scale rows; (9) generally three preventrals; (10) 150–163 ventrals in females, 141–147 in males; (11) 18–23 subcaudals in females, 26–29 in males; (12) dorsum uniformly black in adults and reddish brown to black scattered with irregular dorsal blotches in juveniles; (13) venter uniformly black in adults and usually paler in juveniles; (14) large body size in females (790 mm SVL) and males (515 mm SVL); (15) tail short in females (7.9–10.2% SVL), moderate in males (9.2–14.6% SVL); (16) hemipenis moderately bilobed, semicapitate, and semicalyculate [from Passos et al. 2010]. 
Comment 
References
  • Amaral,A. do 1930. Studies of neotropical Ophidia XXIV. A new brazilian snake. Bull. Antivenin Inst. America 4 (3): 65
  • Cacciali, P.; Villalba, R. & Yanosky, A.A. 2007. A NEW SPECIES OF ATRACTUS (SERPENTES:COLUBRIDAE: DIPSADINAE) FROM THE ATLANTIC FOREST OF ALTO PARANÁ, PARAGUAY. South American J. Herp. 2 (2): 83-88 - get paper here
  • Nogueira, Cristiano C.; Antonio J.S. Argôlo, Vanesa Arzamendia, Josué A. Azevedo, Fausto E. Barbo, Renato S. Bérnils, Bruna E. Bolochio, Marcio Borges-Martins, Marcela Brasil-Godinho, Henrique Braz, Marcus A. Buononato, Diego F. Cisneros-Heredia, 2019. Atlas of Brazilian snakes: verified point-locality maps to mitigate the Wallacean shortfall in a megadiverse snake fauna. South American J. Herp. 14 (Special Issue 1):1-274 - get paper here
  • Passos, P., Dobiey, M., & Venegas, P. J. 2010. Variation and natural history notes on giant groundsnake, Atractus gigas (Serpentes: Dipsadidae). South American J. Herp. 5 (2): 73-82 - get paper here
  • Passos, P., R. Fernandes and Borges-Nojosa, D.M. 2007. A New Species of Atractus (Serpentes: Dipsadinae) from a Relictual Forest in Northeastern Brazil. Copeia 2007 (4): 788–797 - get paper here
  • Passos, P., R. Fernandes and N. Zanella 2005. A new species of Atractus (Serpentes: Colubridae) from Southern Brazil. Herpetologica 61 (2): 209-218 - get paper here
  • Passos, P.; Fernandes, R.; Bernils, R.S. & Moura-Leite, J.C. de 2010. Taxonomic revision of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest Atractus (Reptilia: Serpentes: Dipsadidae). Zootaxa 2364: 1–63 - get paper here
  • ROCHA, CARLOS FREDERICO D.; HELENA G.BERGALLO, JOSÉ P. POMBAL JR., LENA GEISE, MONIQUE VAN SLUYS, RONALDO FERNANDES, ULISSES CARAMASCHI 2004. FAUNA DE ANFÍBIOS, RÉPTEIS E MAMÍFEROS DO ESTADO DO RIO DE JANEIRO, SUDESTE DO BRASIL. Publ. Avul. Mus. Nac., Rio de Janeiro (104): 3-23 - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
  • Zaher, Hussam; Fausto Erritto BarboI; Paola Sanchez Martínez; Cristiano Nogueira; Miguel Trefaut Rodrigues; Ricardo Jannini Sawaya 2011. Répteis do Estado de São Paulo: conhecimento atual e perspectivas. Biota Neotropica, 11 (1): 1–15. - get paper here
 
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