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Adelphostigma occipitalis (JAN, 1863)

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Higher TaxaColubridae (Dipsadinae, Echinantherini), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesPortuguese: Cobra-Corredeira, Cobra-Capim, Cobra-do-Capim, Cobra-do-Folhiço, Cobra-Rainha, Corre-Campo, Corredeira-do-Campo, Corredeira-Pintada, Corredeirinha, Jararaquinha 
SynonymEnicognathus occipitalis JAN 1863
Dromicus (Lygophis) Wuchereri GÜNTHER 1863: 325
Enicognathus occipitalis — JAN 1866
Dromicus miolepis BOETTGER 1891: 345
Rhadinaea occipitalis — BOULENGER 1894: 347
Liophis occipitalis — AMARAL 1929: 89
Liophis occipitalis — PETERS & OREJAS-MIRANDA 1970: 179
Rhadinaea occipitalis — DUELLMAN 1991
Echinanthera occipitalis — DI-BERNARDO 1992
Rhadinaea occipitalis — CEI 1993
Taeniophallus occipitalis — MYERS & CADLE 1994
Echinanthera occipitalis — DI BERNARDO 1996
Taeniophallus occipitalis — LEYNAUD & BUCHER 1999: 35
Taeniophallus occipitalis — CAMPOS NOGUEIRA 2001
Echinantera occipitalis — ROCHA et al. 2004 (in error)
Taeniophallus occipitalis — SCHARGEL et al. 2005
Taeniophallus occipitalis — DUELLMAN 2005: 383
Echinanthera occipitalis — DI BERNARDO 2005
Echinanthera occipitalis — SCROCCHI et al. 2006: 84
Taeniophallus occipitalis — MYERS & MCDOWELL 2014: 41
Taeniophallus occipitalis — GUEDES et al. 2014
Taeniophallus occipitalis — WALLACH et al. 2014: 697
Taeniophallus gr. occipitalis — RONCOLATTO-ORTIZ et al. 2017
Taeniophallus occipitalis — NOGUEIRA et al. 2019
Adelphostigma occipitalis — ABEGG et al. 2022 
DistributionNE Peru southeastwards through Bolivia and Paraguay to N Argentina (Córdoba, Santiago del Estero, Tucumán, Salta, Formosa, Chaco, Corrientes),
Colombia [Castro,F. (pers. comm.)], S Brazil (Rondonia, Pará [HR 35: 83], Amazonas, Sergipe, S Ceará, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Piauí, Paraíba), Uruguay

Type locality: Bahia, Brazil.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesSyntype: ZMH R04423 
DiagnosisDiagnosis (genus): “Adelphostigma can be recognized by presenting (1) usually eight supralabials, with 2nd touching the loreal and 3rd–5th touching the orbit; (2) 15/15/15 or 15/15/13 dorsal scale rows without apical pits; (3) a conspicuous pale canthal line and a middorsal pattern composed of dark-brown blotches in the anterior region that are gradually replaced by paired spots toward the tail; (4) immaculate midventral portion of the body; (5) hemipenis unilobed or slightly bilobed, unycaliculate and unicapitate, with an asulcate interspinal gap interrupted by an enlarged central spine approximately at the midorgan; (6) a nude, usually deep and proximally open pocket immediately below the capitulum (Figures 4B,C, 5D, E, 7D and Table 1).” (Abegg et al. 2022) 
CommentGroup: belongs to the “Rhadinaea brevirostris group” sensu Myers (1974) or the occipitalis group of Taeniophallus (sensu Schargel et al., 2005).

Type species: Enicognathus occipitalis JAN 1863 is the type species of the genus Adelphostigma ABEGG et al. 2022. 
EtymologyNamed after the Greek words αδελφóς(adelphos = twin,brother) and στíγμα (stigma = mark, brand, spot) (Liddell and Scott, 1883; Brown, 1954), in reference to the paired dorsal spots typical of the species here included in this new genus. The genus name is feminine. 
References
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